Doum Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) trees in Saudi Arabia

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Saudi Arabia is the world's top producer of dates, and the country's climate and natural surroundings make it a perfect place to grow palm trees. In several verses, the Holy Qur'an also highlights the value of palm trees and their fruits, emphasizing their importance in human life. One species of flowering plant belonging to the Arecaceae family is the Phoenix dactylifera (P. dactylifera). It is widely grown and yields dates, which are edible fruits that can be consumed fresh or dried. For thousands of years, the P. dactylifera has been cultivated and used as a staple meal in many cultures. In addition to other vitamins and minerals, the fruit is high in fiber, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and antioxidants. P. dactylifera is still growing extensively and is a significant crop in many places, especially in North Africa and the Middle East. The many parts of the tree are still employed for a variety of functions, and the fruits are transported to other countries and consumed domestically. For ages, palm trees—especially date palms, P. dactylifera—have played an important role in Middle Eastern and North African agriculture and are an excellent supplier of vitamins. However, these trees' traditional usage has diminished, resulting in significant waste upon harvest . The bioactive substances found in P. dactylifera were the focus of this review.

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